The United Nations high commissioner for human rights, Zeid Ra’ad Hussein, has called out extremists in Europe, in particular in Hungary and Poland, for creating an environment where "fundamental freedoms are in retreat" as extremism rises. "Xenophobes and racists in Europe are casting off any sense of embarrassment,” Hussein said in opening a session of the UN Human Rights Council in Geneva. Both Hungary and Poland have been open in their desire to shred civil liberties and the rule of law in an effort to create "illiberal democracies."